Tuning machines (with spiral metal worm gears) are mounted on the back of the headstock on the bass guitar neck Amateur musicians tune their own bass, but touring professionals in bands may have a bass tech who tunes their basses. While tuning is mainly done prior to performances, musicians may tune again during a show, typically between songs, either to correct the tuning of the instrument (heat, humidity, string bending, and heavy playing all affect tuning), or to change to a new tuning, such as dropping the pitch of the E string to D for a song in D major. This may be observed visually or felt by gently touching the unplayed string. This technique may also be used for slightly obscure "visual" or "haptic" tuning - by pressing appropriate frets that should make the strings unison the vibrations from one string will be picked up by the other string which will start vibrating (when tuned correctly). The instrument tuned in this manner can be played alone, but it may not be in tune with other instruments, such as a piano, if no reference pitch was used. This is colloquially known as "tuning the bass to itself". By ear using relative tuning, using known pitch intervals or chromatic tones played between an already tuned string and one that needs tuning.These indicate when strings are tuned by visual and audio cues. By electric tuner, tuner app program on a smartphone, or tuning tools on a website, which pick up the audible sound through a microphone, or physical vibrations when attached to the instrument, or the electromagnetic waves through the pickup and instrument patch cable.Tune them identically, without the octave interval, by pressing the 12th fret of each string on the bass. On a four string bass guitar, its strings are pitched one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar. Then, use relative tuning (below) to adjust the other strings. By ear to the sound of a tuning fork or pitch pipe, which lets you get one pitch on one string correct.By ear to the sounded reference pitch of a piano, since a piano typically remains tuned much longer than a guitar, and electronic pianos are perpetually in tune.Bass method or lesson books or videos introduce one or more tuning techniques, such as: There are several techniques for accurately tuning the strings of an electric bass. Because pitches are associated with notes, bass-guitar tunings assign open notes to open strings. Each bass guitar tuning assigns pitches to the strings of an electric bass.
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